光敏细胞质不育小麦花药发育过程中ABA免疫电镜定位

光敏细胞质不育小麦花药发育过程中ABA免疫电镜定位 Immuno-electron Microscopic Localization of ABA in Anthers of Photoperiod-Sensitive Cytoplasmic Male-Sterile Wheat 孟祥红 MENG Xiang-hong 1 2 first-author 王建波 WANG Jian-bo 1 2 利容千 LI Rong-qian 1 2 武汉大学植物发育生物学教育部重点实验室 武汉大学植物发育生物学教育部重点实验室 Key Laboratory of MOE for Plant Developmental Biology, Wuhan University Key Laboratory of MOE for Plant Developmental Biology, Wuhan University 武汉大学植物发育生物学教育部重点实验室,湖北,武汉,430072 武汉大学植物发育生物学教育部重点实验室,湖北,武汉,430072 运用胶体金免疫电镜定位方法研究了不同光周期条件下光敏细胞质不育小麦花药发育过程中 ABA的分布 .短日照条件下 ,花粉母细胞细胞质基质及小液泡内有金颗粒分布 ;单核至二核花粉时期花粉内金颗粒逐渐增多 ,二核至成熟花粉时期花粉内金颗粒逐渐减少 ,不同发育时期的花粉内金颗粒的分布位置有变化 .绒毡层或降解中的绒毡层细胞内有较多金颗粒分布 .长日照条件下花粉败育 ,不同发育时期的花粉内金颗粒分布数量均比同时期的可育花粉内明显增多 .单核期以前败育的花粉 ,解体的花粉细胞质及细胞核内有较多金颗粒分布 ;后期败育的花粉 ,花粉母细胞至二核花粉时期花粉 （母细胞 ）内金颗粒有不断增加的趋势 ,二核期以后 ,花粉逐渐液泡化 ,解体的花粉细胞质及逐渐增大的中央液泡内有大量的金颗粒分布 .绒毡层细胞内金颗粒有逐渐减少的趋势 .文中对 ABA在雄蕊、花粉发育过程中的作用、由光周期诱导的 ABA含量增加在雄性不育中的作用进行了讨论 . The distribution of ABA in anthers of photoperiod-sensitive cytoplasmic male-sterile wheat under different daylight exposure was observed using immunogold electron microscopy. The anthers were fertile under short daylight exposure. ABA was observed to distribute in cytoplasmic matrix and small vacuoles of microspore mother cell. With the pollen development, the quantity of ABA distribution in pollen gradually increased from uninucleate to binucleate pollen stage, but gradually decreased at succedent stage. Synchronously, the ABA distribution site in pollen at different developmental stage changed. During the anther development, the tapetal cells or digesting tapetal cells kept at high level of ABA. The anthers were sterile under long daylight exposure. Some anthers occurred to abort before uninucleate pollen stage, but others were sterile after binucleate pollen stage. It is obvious that more ABA distributed in sterile pollen than fertile pollen at the same stage. When the anthers were sterile before uninucleate pollen stage, ABA was found to distribute in cytoplasmic matrix and nucleolus of abortive pollen. On the other hand, when the anthers were sterile after binucleate pollen stage, ABA distributed in microspore mother cell or pollen gradually increased. After that, the pollen started to gradually vacuolate and a large amount of ABA located in cytoplasmic matrix and vacuoles. In the tapetal cells of the abortive anthers, less ABA distribution than fertile anther tapetal cells was observed. The results show that ABA plays an important role in anther development and pollen abortion induced by photoperiod. According to these results, the role of ABA in pollen development, the effect of the ABA quantity increasing induced by photoperiod in male sterility were discussed. ABA 胶体金 花药发育 光敏细胞质不育 小麦 ABA colloidal gold anther development photoperiod-sensitive cytoplasmic male-sterility wheat Q942 湖北省自然科学基金资助项目 （ 97J0 39） 2001-06-01 2021-04-01 6