马口鱼和泥鳅的核型研究,兼论鱼类染色体数目多态与分类的关系

马口鱼和泥鳅的核型研究,兼论鱼类染色体数目多态与分类的关系 KARYOTYPES OF Opsariichthys bidens AND Misgurnus anguillicaudatus（PISCES）, WITH A CONSIDERATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN POLYMORPHISM OF CHROMOSOME NUMBER AND TAXONOMY OF FISH 李渝成 Li Yucheng and Li Kang first-author 李康 本文报道了分布于四川省雅安和乐山的马口鱼Opsariichthys bidens及重庆和泸州的泥鳅Misgurnus anguillicaudatus的核型。马口鱼的核型为2n=74=6m+6sm+4st+58t,NF=86;泥鳅的核型为2n=50=8m+6sm+36t,NF=64。分别将它们与不同地理分布的马口鱼和泥鳅的核型进行了比较,对马口鱼和泥鳅的分类问题提出了看法,并对染色体多态现象与鱼类分类和物种进化的关系等问题进行了讨论。 Opsariichthys bidens and Misgurnus anguillicaudatus, collected from Yaan, Leshan and Chongqing, Luzhou in Sichuan Province respectively, were karyotypied. O. bidens has 2n of 74, while M. anguillicaudatus possesses 2n of 50. In contrast, the other fishes of O. bidens and M. anguillicaudatus, collected in Guangdongand Hubei Provinces and karyotypied by us previously, have different chromosome numbers, e. g. 2n of 76 and 100 respectively. All the results indicate that polymorphism of chromosome number occured in these two species of fishes. The Chromosomal polymorphism of O. bidens might have resulted from Robertsonian translocation; and the chromosomal polymorphism of M. anguillicaudatus was probably caused by karyotypical duplication from diploid to tetraploid. The populations with different karyotypes of these fishes might be considered as independent species or subspecies and the karyotypical cha racteristics might be used as criteria of taxonomy. 鲤形目 马口鱼 泥鳅 核型 染色体多态 中国科学院科学基金 1987-01-01 2021-04-01 1