按参与反应电子数的反应分类讨论

按参与反应电子数的反应分类讨论 REACTION CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO NUMBER OF RELATED ELECTRONS 周梅初 Zhou Meichu first-author 本文按球堆集模型的八面体和四面体模式分别讨论了4n+2和4n’电子数分类的反应机制问题,发现这两种模式分类可推广至原认为非周环的协同机制和离子型反应。对奇数电子体系可按4n+1和4n+3电子数分类,它概括了游离基、基式离子及单电子的氧化还原过程。这样,可统一为4n+m（m=0,1,2,3）的反应电子数分类方案。并就各主要有机化学反应类型作了列表分类,同时也对各类反应物种（包括有关无机试剂）作了列表分类。按各分类举例作了简要说明,在此过程中,指出了4n+2、4n+3的组合较为稳定,这两类物种较为惰性,而4n,4n+1则相反的事实。对4n+1、4n+3两类物种活性差异,给予了一种数理方面的解释。 4n and 4n+2 pericyclic reactions may be represented respectively as a tetrahedron and an octahedron composition of electrons in reaction Large n assembly of reacting system was treated as in n=1 elementary reaction condition. Octahedron is an Euler cycle,in which six electrons compose a pericyclic transitoin state satisfactorily. Not tetrahedron itself,but tetrahedron lacking one edge is an Euler cycle,so that four electrons in transition state composition requests a node in pericycle. Two models what mentioned above may be applied to nonpericyelic concerted reaction （for example S N 2）. To bring on and/or eliminate an ion charge as node-introduction step in process, some of ion-mechanism （e. g. carbonium substitution, addition, elimination etc. ） might also be reduced into this category, and 4n+1, 4n+3 will be applied to include free-radical, radical ion reactions or other redox processes （in singel electron sence）. Therefore, all such mentioned above reactions may be classified as 4n+m （m=0,1, 2, 3） in accordance with the number of electrons joined in process. Some of important organic reactions have been classified by 4n+m program and some of reactants （include related inorganics） were listed. It was pointed out, that 4n+2, 4n+3 composition is rather stable, their species are rather inert,and 4n,4n+1——in reverse Concerning the differences between 4n+1 and 4n+3, it has also been given an interpretation with mathematicophysical conceptions. 有机反应分类 4n与4n+2反应 4n+1与4n+3反应 八面体式反应过渡态 四面体式反应过渡态 classification of organic reactions 4n and 4n+2 reactions 4n+1 and 4n+3 reactions octahedral transition state tetrahedral transition state 1987-04-01 2021-04-01 4