青鱼的染色体组型

青鱼的染色体组型 THE KARYOTYPE OF BLACK CARP [MYLOPHARYNGODON PICEUS （RICH）] 周暾 Zhou Tun Ling Junxiu Yang Yongquan 1 2 3 first-author 凌均秀 1 2 3 杨永铨 1 2 3 武汉大学生物系 武汉大学生物系 国家水产总局长江水产研究所 国家水产总局长江水产研究所 武汉大学生物系国家水产总局长江水产研究所 武汉大学生物系国家水产总局长江水产研究所 应用早期胚胎细胞,以空气干燥法制片,考察了青鱼的染色体组型。青鱼的染包体二倍数为48条。属M组的7对,为具中间着丝点的染色体;属S组的17对,包括具近中着丝点的和亚端着丝点的染色体。没有属T组的具近端着丝点的或具端着丝点的染色体。染色体的总臂数为96。S组的第一对染色体为具随体的亚端着丝点染色体。随体的出现频率较高,可见率达70%左右。随体有多种形式,最特别的是一种非常少见的双随体类型。对青鱼随体的可见性和形态的多样性现象进行了初步分析。 The karyotype of black carp [Mylopharyngodon piceus （Rich.）] was studied through the chromosome preparations made from the suspended cells of early embryos by air-drying technique. The chromosome number 2n is 48, all of which were identified morphologically and divided into two geoups according to their centromere indices: the M group, consisting of 7 pairs of metacentrics; and the S group, consisting of 17 pairs of submetacentrics and subtelocentrics. No T group chromosomes or no acroeentrics or telocentrics were found in this species. The total arm number of the chromosomes is 96. The first pair of chromosomes in the S group （S 1 ） are subtelocentrics which are characterized by having one or two satellites on each short arm. The satellites of S 1 chromosomes are almost always visible and may reveal themselves variably in morphology as "normal satellites" , "giant satellites" or "double satellites" , etc. The question about the visibility and polymorphism of the satellites in S 1 chromosomes has been briefly discussed. 1980-04-01 2021-04-01 4