粳稻杂交后代生育期遗传的研究

粳稻杂交后代生育期遗传的研究 INHERITANCE OF GROWTH DURATION IN INTERVARIETAL HYBRIDS OF Oryza sativa L. subsp. Keng Ting 汪向明 Wang Xiangming Song Yunchun Shu Lihuei first-author 宋运淳 舒理慧 本文总结了粳稻品种间（包括晚稻×早稻、晚稻×中稻、晚稻×晚稻）杂交后代F 1 -F 4 的生育期研究。以单株从播种到抽穗的生育日数为指标,F 1 的基本趋势是早熟对晚熟具有优势,在17个组合中有11个比早亲早或与早亲相同,5个属于中间类型或偏早偏晚,1个与晚亲相同。 F 2 各个组合的抽穗期都表现连续变异,出现从早亲到晚亲以及各种中间类型的抽穗期。 F 2 分离幅度大小与两亲生育期差异成正相关,个别组合在F 2 中出现比两亲更早的植株。 F 3 各株系平均生育日数与上一代单株的抽穗期呈现十分显著的回归关系,但F 2 是中间型的则F 3 分离幅度大。 F 4 各株系生育期遗传趋势与F 3 相似,近半数已趋稳定。本项研究对于粳稻杂交育种以及数量性状遗传研究有一定意义。 In this work the inheritance of growth duration（ days from sowing to emergence of panicle ）in intervarietal crosses of rice was investigated. Hybrid progenies F 1 —F 4 were studied in 17 crosses. In the majority of the crosses earliness was dominant in F 1 . Among 17 crosses 11 F 1 were earlier than the early parent or as early as the early parent. Only 1 F 1 was as late as the late parent （sensitive to short photoperiod）. And the other 3 F 1 were more or less intermediate in earliness. In F 2 generation there was a wide variation in growth duration. For example, in a cross of late×early eultivars the F 2 plants showed a difference of 73 days in date of heading. Individual plants were earlier than both parents. The variation was continuous and showed a quantitative character. Selection of early-heading plants in F 2 was efficient and gave F 3 lines of similar earliness. F 2 plants of intermediate duration, however, continued to segregate in F 2 and gave rise to early, medium and late lines. The correlation of growth duraion of F 3 lines to F 2 individuals and of F 4 lines to F 3 individuals were highly significant. Therefore the results of this investigation are valuable for breeding rice strains of desirable duration and for the purpose of studying genetic peculiarities of inheritance of rice. 1980-03-01 2021-04-01 3