大麦花粉雄核发育的特点及其与诱导频率的关系

大麦花粉雄核发育的特点及其与诱导频率的关系 INDUCTION-FREQUENCY IN ANTHER CULTURE AND ITS RELATION TO THE CHARACTERISTICS OF POLLEN ANDROGENESIS IN BARLEY CULTIVARS 周嫦 Zhou Chang Yang Hongyuan first-author 杨弘远 多数大麦品种花药培养的诱导频率较低。其主要原因是已启动雄核发育的花粉的败育。细胞学观察发观:雄核发育的花粉可分为分生细胞型、液泡化细胞型、贮藏细胞型与游离核型。有活力的愈伤组织主要是由分生细胞型产生的;其它类型大多败育。品种诱导频率的高低主要取决于分生细胞型的多寡,而与其它类型关系不大。因此认为应从增加分生细胞型入手来提高诱导频率。 Data from 54 barley cultivars showed that most of the cultivars had a quite low induction-frequency in anther culture owing to the abortion of pollen triggered for androgenesis rather than the failure of triggering. Cytological observations revealed that androgenic pollen grains included four developmental types, i. e. the meristematic cellular type（Plate I, 1—4）, the vacuolate cellular type（5—6）, the storage cellular type （9）and the free-nucleate type（10—12）. Viable calli were produced mainly by the first type and the others usually led to final abortion. Detailed observations on 13 representive cultivars indicated that the induction-frequency level of a given cultivar was dependent significantly on the quantity of meristematic type and had little relation to the others. Based on these observations it is suggested that a hopeful way to increase induction-frequency is to deepen our knowledge of pollen androgenesis and try to provide more suitable conditions for the development of meristematic type of multicellular grains. 1981-01-01 2021-04-01 1