尼罗罗非鱼Tialpia nilotica卵巢中类脂滴液晶态的电镜观察

尼罗罗非鱼Tialpia nilotica卵巢中类脂滴液晶态的电镜观察 ELECTRON MICROSCOPICAL OBSERVATIONS ON THE LIQUID CRYSTAL STATE OF THE LIPID DROPLETS IN THE OVARY OF Tilapia nilotica 孙建民 Sun jianmin first-author <正> 动物卵巢成熟期间和早期胚胎细胞中出现大量的类脂滴,已愈来愈引起人们的兴趣。很多实验都发现卵巢中的类脂滴与产生类固醇激素密切相关。近几年来,L·Bjessing（1967）对猪[1],Motta pietro（1971）对豚鼠[2],P·Lafbargne（1972）对大白鼠[3]等动物的卵巢中出现的类脂滴进行了研究。A·P·Mahowald（1979）在果蝇的卵母细胞[4],B·W·Mayer（1978）在鸡胚血管区[5]也观察到大量的类脂滴。了解这些类脂滴的结构和理化特性,对于认识这些类脂滴的生理功能无疑是极有裨益的。 1978年以来,已观察到鸡卵巢、鸡胚、鱼胚[6][7][8]中都有大量的类脂滴。它们在生物体内在一定的条件下以液晶态形式存在。在正交偏光显微镜下,有明显的双折射,呈现为一个具有十字交叉暗带的明亮小球（马尔它十字）。也用偏光显微镜对它的热效应、流动双折射性进行了初步的研究,测量了相变点,同时用组织化学、薄层层析分析了它的成份。自从电子显微镜用于研究液晶结构以来,人们又结合X—光衍射,对以前难于确定的一 It has been more than once reported that there are lipid droplets in the ovary and mature eggs of the chick and fish. Our observations reveal that at a certain developing stage of the fish eggs these droplets exist in a liquid crystal state, characterized by the presence of "Maltese crosses" under the polarizing microscope. In the ovary or eggs of Tilapia niloiica, the Maltese crosses possess different pattens in shape. The abovementioned droplets, when fixed by osmium tetroxide vapour and examined under the electron microscope, are multilayered in structure. The layers are arranged to form concentric circles wholly or partially. The distance between adjacent layers varies with different droplets. Parts of the layers are smooth in appearance while others are rough. In thc center of certain droplets, there is an inclusion of unknown constitution. The droplets are optically positive. Such property with a multilayered onion—like structure indicates these lipid droplets exhibiting the neat （lamellar） phase （G phase） of the lyotropic liquid crystals. 1981-03-01 2021-04-01 3