中国鲤科鱼类染色体组型研究——8种裂腹鱼亚科鱼类核型研究

中国鲤科鱼类染色体组型研究——8种裂腹鱼亚科鱼类核型研究 KARYOTYPE STUDIES OF CYPRINID FISHES IN CHINA——Comparative Study of the Karyotypes of 8 Species of Schizothoracine fishes 余祥勇 Yu Xiangyong Li Yuchen Zhou Tun 1 first-author 李渝成 1 周暾 1 武汉大学生物系 武汉大学生物系 Department of Biology,Wuhan University Department of Biology,Wuhan University 本文报道了8种裂腹鱼亚科鱼类核型比较研究的结果,发现它们具有三种2n 值:94、92和90,它们的 NF 值在142～150范围内。比较已报道的有关核型资料,我们认为裂腹鱼亚科是多倍体起源的,其原始核型为2n=98。裂腹鱼很可能是从某些适应青藏高原特殊生态境环的原始鲃类演化而来。 The karyotypes of 8 species of schizothoracine fishes were studied. All the chromosomes studied were prepared from kidney cell after PHA injection in vivo and Colchicine treatment in vivo or in vitro by air-drying or flame-drying techniques.All the fishes studied were collected from the Yellow River and Tibian River of the Qinghai-Tibian Plateau and adjacent regions. The results obtained from the studies may be summaried as follows: 1.The 8 species of Schizothoracine fishes have three kinds of diploid chromosome number of 94,92 and 90.Their NF range from 142～150. 2.According to the data reported,tetraploid and hexaploid forms have been found in Schizothoracine fishes.The karyotypical features shared by all the 16 species karyotyped are: 1)having more st and t group chromosomes and lower values of NF. 2)possessing a similar karyotype formula and the NF falling in a smaller range. 3)existing of some larger m-chromosomes,they are 3 pairs in the tetra- ploid and 4 pairs in hexaploid forms. Schizothoracine fishes arose from some primitive tetraploid types with 2n=98.These primitive types gave rise to the numerous Schizothoracine species now living in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau by adapting to the environment of high altitude. 裂腹鱼 核型 起源 Karyotype Schizothoracine fish Evolution 中国科学院科学基金资助课题 1990-02-01 2021-04-01 2