樟科（Lauraceae）若干种植物雌蕊结构的研究及其系统学意义

樟科（Lauraceae）若干种植物雌蕊结构的研究及其系统学意义 AN ANATOMICAL STUDY ON THE GYNOECIUMS OF SOME SPECIES OF LAURACEAE AND ITS SYSTEMATIC SIGNIFICANCE 汪小凡 Wang Xiaofan 1 first-author 武汉大学生命科学学院 武汉大学生命科学学院 School of Life Science,Wuhan University School of Life Science,Wuhan University 利用石蜡切片法对樟科３个属的５种植物的子房作了解剖研究，结果表明这些种类的雌蕊均由１心皮构成．这一结果支持Ｃｒｏｎｑｕｉｓｔ等关于樟科的系统发育和分类地位问题的看法，而与《中国植物志》及国内外其他有关著作中对樟科雌蕊的描述不同．根据雌蕊结构的证据对与樟科（或樟目）系统发育有关的问题作了初步探讨 The position of the family Lauraceae is relatively unvariable in the current taxonomic systems. It seems reasonable to give this family a seat near by the Magnoliaceae.However,there is a long-lasting disagreement as to whether the gynoecium of the Lauraceae is truly monomerous or only pseudomonomerous and derived eventually from 3 carpels. In order to clear up the structure of the gynoecium of the Lauraceae, an anatomical study on 5species （Cinnamomum camphora （L. ） presl.,Phoebe hunanensiF Hand. -Mazz.,Lindera reflexa Hemsl., L. glauca （Sieb. et Zucc. ）Bl., L. fruticosa Hemsl. ）has been done. The paraffin sections show some facts as follow: ①The ovaries are zygnomophous, ②In the wall of each ovary,there arc 1 dorsal vascular bundle and 1 ventral vascular bundle,and sometimes 1gap stemed form uncomplete combination of two margins of a carpel. ③No sterile pistil can be found.Obviously, the gynoeciums of the species studied are monomerous. This result supports A. Cronquist ′s opinion of the phylogenesis of the Lauraceae and its relationships. Bases on the data that the gynoeciums of some species of Lauraceae are occasionally composed of 3pistils-1 fertile pistil and 2 sterile pistils,furthermore,the author deduces that the evolution from the Polycarpellary gynoecium of the ancestor to the monomerous gynoecium of the morden Lauraceae should have gone through a stage of 3-carpeled gynoecium. 樟科 雌蕊结构 系统发育 Lauraceae structure of gynoecium phylogenesis Q949.747.5 1995-02-01 2021-04-01 2