萝卜雄性不育系花药发育的细胞形态学研究

萝卜雄性不育系花药发育的细胞形态学研究 CYTOMORPHOLOGICAL RESEARCH ON ANTHER DEVELOPMENT OF SEVERAL MALE-STERILE LINES OF RADISH（RAPHANUS SATIVUS L.） 董庆华 1 first-author 利容千 1 王建波 1 冉莹青 1 武汉大学生命科学学院 武汉大学生命科学学院 School of Life Sciences,Wuhan University School of Life Sciences,Wuhan University 选用５种萝卜雄性不育系为材料，以相应保持系作对照，进行细胞形态学研究．结果表明，萝卜雄性不育系小孢子败育有两种方式；１．４７５Ａ花药发育受阻于孢原细胞分化期之前，不产生孢原细胞，也不分化形成花粉囊，接近开花期时花药已畸形．２．２６２Ａ、北京白Ａ、春红Ａ、１３４Ａ花药发育受阻于单核花粉期．绒毡层细胞具多种异常变化：①径向异常肥大、高度液泡化并侵入药室；②细胞壁解体，细胞内含物融合形成周原质团；③以上两种异常活动同时具有．随着绒毡层细胞退化解体，小抱子核质解体导致败育，药室瘪缩变形，只留下少数染色很深的细胞残留物质．不育系的维管组织有韧皮部和木质部的分化，但不及保持系发达． The studies on the anther ontogeny of five cytoplasmic male-sterile lines withcomparision of fertile lines in radish seems to be indicated that these male-sterile materilesmay be divided into two types: 1. The inhibition of 475A anther development occurred beforethe stage of male archesproial differentiation. No anther produced four anther loculi. Before itbloom,the anther deformed,many cells shrunk and broken. 2. The inhibition of 134A, 262A,Beijing White A, Spring Red A anther development occurred at the stage of mononuclearpollen. The tapatal cell developed abnormally. In 134A, they highly vacuolated,showed hypertrophy and occupied the loculi. In Spring Red A,their cell walls disappeared and the cellcontents fused to form periplasmodial invading the loculi. Beijing White A and 262A had bothkinds of the tapetal abnormality. With the degeneration of the tapetal cells,pollen aborted.The loculi finally deformed and shrunk,only left little material which stained dark. The vascular system of the male-sterile lines had xylem and phloem,but it was poorly developed ascompared with that of the maintainer. 萝卜 雄性不育系 花药发育 radish male-sterile lines anther development S631.101 国家教委高等学校博士点基金 1996-02-01 2021-04-01 2