水稻剑叶和倒二叶形态性状的杂种优势

水稻剑叶和倒二叶形态性状的杂种优势 Heterosis of Flag and Second Leaf Shape Traits in Rice 李兰芝 LI Lanzhi1 1 first-author 卢开阳 LU Kaiyang2 2 牟同敏 MOU Tongmin2 2 胡中立 HU Zhongli1 1 武汉大学生命科学学院/植物发育生物学教育部重点实验室 武汉大学生命科学学院/植物发育生物学教育部重点实验室 College of Life Sciences,Wuhan University/Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Plant Developmental Biology College of Life Sciences,Wuhan University/Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Plant Developmental Biology 华中农业大学作物遗传改良国家重点实验室 华中农业大学作物遗传改良国家重点实验室 National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement,Huazhong Agricultural University National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement,Huazhong Agricultural University 利用珍汕97/明恢63的重组自交系及其与两亲本的回交群体,对剑叶和倒二叶的叶长、叶宽和叶面积等6个性状进行了QTL定位,并探讨了这些性状的杂种优势遗传基础.共定位到39个QTL,分别在除染色体3和染色体5外的10条染色体上.单个QTL的贡献率介于4.6% 4 5.4%,大部分小于10%.其中,影响倒二叶宽的杂种优势QTL QSlw11c的贡献率为45.4%,该QTL对超级稻株型育种具有一定应用价值.研究结果还表明,控制水稻叶片杂种优势位点的遗传效应主要是超显性.同时,控制叶片面积杂种优势位点的效应值远远大于叶片长宽的杂种优势位点效应值.因此,可以利用叶面积杂种优势位点改变叶片形态,提高光合作用面积,塑造理想株型,从而提高水稻生物量和产量. In present study,QTL analysis was conducted for six shape traits of flag and second leaf in Zhenshan97/Minghui63 RIL and two backcross populations.Heterosis of these traits was discussed.In total,39 QTL were detected,distributed on 10 chromosomes except chromosome 3 and chromosome 5.Variation explained by most individual QTL was less than 10%.It should be noted that,QTL QSlw11c accounted for 45.4% of the variation.Results indicated that,overdominance is the predominant factor affecting the heterosis of rice leaf shape.Meanwhile,the genetic effect of loci conditioning heterosis of leaf area is far more than those of leaf length and width.This suggested that,it would be effective to enhance photosynthesis area by using these loci influencing rice leaf area heterosis so as to improve rice biomass and yield. 水稻 剑叶 倒二叶 数量性状基因座位 杂种优势 rice（Oryza sativa L.） flag leaf second leaf quantitative trait loci（QTL） heterosis S511 国家重点基础研究发展计划（973）项目（2006CB101707） 2008-04-01 2021-04-01 4