栽培稻×中国疣粒野生稻种间杂种的获得与分析

栽培稻×中国疣粒野生稻种间杂种的获得与分析 Characteriztion of the Intersectional Hybrid Between Oryza sativa and O.meyeriana Indigenous to China 黄艳兰 HUANG Yan\|lan 1 first-author 舒理慧 SHU Li\|hui 1 祝莉莉 ZHU Li\|li 1 廖兰杰 LIAO Lan\|jie 1 何光存 HE Guang\|cun 1 武汉大学生命科学学院,湖北,武汉,430072 武汉大学生命科学学院,湖北,武汉,430072 College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei,China) \ \ College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei,China) \ \ 通过远缘杂交得到了栽培稻品种 IR36×中国疣粒野生稻的种间杂种 ,并对杂种植株进行了分析 .结果表明 ,栽培稻×疣粒野生稻种间杂种生长旺盛 ,分蘖力强 ;其株高、剑叶长度、穗长、颖花数及花药长度等介于双亲值之间 ;生长习性、柱头颜色、粒型和落粒性等与疣粒野生稻相同 ;穗轴有分枝、光周期敏感性则与栽培稻相似 .杂种有 2 4条染色体 ,高度不育 .同工酶分析表明 ,杂种的酶谱为互补型或杂合型 .RAPD分析显示双亲之间的多态性比例为 81.4% ,杂种的扩增带中包含亲本特有带和共有带 ,且以特有带为主 .上述结果为中国疣粒野生稻中有利基因的发掘和利用建立了重要基础 Wild rice Oryza meyeriana indigenous to China is a valuable germplasm. Nevertheless, useful genes in this species has not been transferred into and utilized in the cultivated rice （ O. sativa ） because of the far relation between the two species. In the author’s laboratory the hybrid IR 36/ O. meyeriana was obtained through sexual wide\|hybridization and embryo rescue. Observation showed that the intersectional hybrid grew vigorously and had high tillering capacity. The morphological characters were profoundly affected by the wild rice parent. Plant height, length of flag leaf, length of the panicles and spikelet number per panicle were intermediate between the values of two parents. The growth habit, plant type, stigma color, stigma extrusion, grain shape and shattering were similar to O. meyeriana . Branching panicle and day\|length sensitivity resembled to the cultivated rice. Isozyme analysis showed that the band patterns of the hybrid were either complementary type or hybrid type. Polymorphism of RAPD between IR 36 and O. meyeriana was 81.4%. The amplified bands of hybrid consisted of the parent\|specific bands and common bands and most of them were the parent\|specific bands. Creation and characterization of the interspecific hybrid O. sativa / O. meyeriana provided a basis for exploring and utilizing the useful genes in O. meyeriana indigenous to China.\; 疣粒野生稻 种间杂种 形态特性 同工酶 RAPD Oryza meyeriana intersectional hybrid morphology character isozyme RAPD 10.14188/j.1671-8836.2000.06.022 S511 国家科技攻关项目!（ 96-0 0 2 -0 2 -0 1） （ 96-C0 1-0 1-0 6）;国家“九五”科技攻关项目;国家教委优秀青年教师基金资助项目 2000-06-01 2021-04-01 6