固定化微生物在降解含油污水中的应用

固定化微生物在降解含油污水中的应用 Application of Immobilized Bacteria in Biodegradation of Oily Wastewater 包木太 BAO Mutai 1 first-author 巩元娇 GONG Yuanjiao 1 李一鸣 LI Yiming 1 中国海洋大学海洋化学理论与工程技术教育部重点实验室 中国海洋大学海洋化学理论与工程技术教育部重点实验室 Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology,Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology,Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China 通过活性炭吸附前后菌液浓度的变化测定了活性炭在25℃时对石油烃降解菌（W-2）的动态吸附量.考察了不同的固定化方法、交联剂的pH和包埋菌的量对固定化微球的物理性质和降解效果的影响.实验结果表明,直接包埋法优于先吸附后包埋固定法,在25℃交联24h时,最佳固定化条件为:交联剂溶液的pH值为5～6,包埋菌液与凝胶剂溶液体积比为1∶5,而且,包埋无机盐离子能加快固定化W-2恢复活性,并利用扫描电镜观察降解前后微球的表面结构.在含油量为300mg/L的无机盐培养基中,游离W-2适应的pH范围为7～8、盐度为3%左右,固定化W-2适应的pH范围为6～9、盐度范围为2%～5%,比游离W-2的适应范围变宽;游离W-2降解率最高达到40%左右,固定化W-2能达到70%以上,原油降解率提高了30%以上. The dynamic adsorbing capacity of petroleum hydrocarbon degradation bacterium （W-2） on active carbon was studied at 25 ℃ by measuring the biomass of W-2 before and after adsorption. The effects of different immobilization methods,pH of cross linker and the biomass of W-2 on microbial beads （MB） physical appearance and biodegradation were examined. The experimental results showed that the direct immobilization was better than immobilization after adsorption and the optimal pH of cross linker was 5-6,the volume ratio of immobilized bacterial to gels was 1∶5. Meanwhile,the speed of immobilized W-2 reactivation was accelerated by adding inorganic salt into MB,and the surface texture of MB before and after biodegradation was observed from SEM. The influence of pH and salinity to MB biodegradation was investigated in the mineral salt media（MSM）containing 0.3% standard oil. The results showed that the adaptable range of pH was 7-8,that of salinity was about 3% for free W-2,and the adaptable range of pH was 6-9,that of salinity was 2%-5% for immobilized W-2,which were more tolerant than free;the biodegradation rate of free W-2 reached about 40% and that of immobilized W-2 reached above 70%,which increased more than 30%. 生物降解 含油废水 吸附剂 海藻酸钠 包埋固定化 biodegradation oily wastewater absorbent sodium alginate embed immobilization 10.14188/j.1671-8836.2010.01.013 X703.1 山东省优秀中青年科学家科研奖励基金（2007BS08014）资助项目;青岛市应用基础研究计划项目（09-1-3-17-jch）;国家海洋局海洋溢油鉴别与损害评估技术重点实验室开放基金（200714,200913）资助项目 2010-01-01 2021-04-01 1 56