两种新型可溶性壳聚糖季铵盐的制备

两种新型可溶性壳聚糖季铵盐的制备 Preparation of Two New Kinds of Soluble Quaternary Ammonium Salts of Chitosan 王河东 WANG Hedong 1 first-author 王江涛 WANG Jiangtao 1 中国海洋大学海洋化学理论和工程技术教育部重点实验室 中国海洋大学海洋化学理论和工程技术教育部重点实验室 Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology of Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology of Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China 壳聚糖与芳香醛反应得到壳聚糖Schiff碱,被还原后与碘甲烷反应生成可溶性的壳聚糖季铵盐.产物经红外光谱仪（FT-IR）,氢核磁共振仪（1 H NMR）和元素分析进行结构表征证实为不同取代度的两种壳聚糖季铵盐:N-对苯甲氧基甲基壳聚糖季铵盐和N-对苯羟基甲基壳聚糖季铵盐.两种产物的季铵化度与取代度差别不大,室温条件下两种壳聚糖季铵盐均可溶于乙醇,微溶于水、异丙醇和二氯甲烷,不溶于环己烷和丙酮;热重分析（TG）和差热重量分析（DTG）结果差异较大,在492℃时N-对苯羟基甲基壳聚糖季铵盐失重率为82.41%,壳聚糖为88.56%,而N-对苯甲氧基甲基壳聚糖季铵盐热稳定性较好,失重率为49.02%. Schiff base of chitosan was obtained by the reaction of chitosan and aromatic aldehyde,and then Schiff base of chitosan reacted with methyl iodide to get soluble quaternary ammonium salts of chitosan which were N-metoxybenzenemethyl quaternary ammonium salt of chitosan and N-hydroxybenzenemethyl quaternary ammonium salt of chitosan.The obtained chitosan derivatives were characterized by FT-IR,1H NMR and elemental analysis,and the results showed that there was small difference between degrees of quaternization（DQ） and degrees of substitution（DS）;the two quaternary ammonium salts of chitosan were dissolved in anhydrous ethanol,partly dissolved in distilled water,isopropyl alcohol and methylene chloride,never dissolved in cyclohexane and acetone at room temperature;two products revealed obvious difference in comparison with chitosan at the term of thermal stability according to analysis results of TG and DTG.The weight loss of N-hydroxybenzenemethyl quaternary ammonium salt of chitosan was 82.41% at 492 ℃;the weight loss of chitosan was 88.56%;thermal stability of N-metoxybenzenemethyl quaternary ammonium salt of chitosan appeared to be better,and the weight loss was 49.02%. 壳聚糖季铵盐 结构表征 季铵化度 取代度 溶解性 quaternary ammonium salts of chitosan structure characterization degrees of quaternization degrees of substitution solubility 10.14188/j.1671-8836.2011.01.009 O636.1 国家自然科学基金（41076065）资助项目;国家重点基础研究发展计划（973）项目（2010CB428701） 2011-01-01 2021-04-01 1 57