三角帆蚌钩介幼虫体外培养及变态稚贝的形态变化

三角帆蚌钩介幼虫体外培养及变态稚贝的形态变化 Culture of Glochidia of Hyriopsis cumingii in Artificial Media and Morphological Variation of Transformed Juvenile 闻海波 WEN Haibo1 1 first-author 顾若波 GU Ruobo1 1 华丹 HUA Dan2 2 邱丽华 QIU Lihua3 3 徐钢春 XU Gangchun1 1 徐跑 XU Pao1 1 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心/农业部淡水鱼类遗传育种与养殖生物学重点开放实验室 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心/农业部淡水鱼类遗传育种与养殖生物学重点开放实验室 College of Natural Resources and Environment,Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University College of Natural Resources and Environment,Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University College of Natural Resources and Environment,Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University College of Natural Resources and Environment,Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Freshwater Fisheries Research Center,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and Aquaculture Biology of Freshwater Fishes of Ministry of Agriculture Freshwater Fisheries Research Center,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and Aquaculture Biology of Freshwater Fishes of Ministry of Agriculture 中国水产科学研究院水产种质资源与养殖技术重点开放实验室 中国水产科学研究院水产种质资源与养殖技术重点开放实验室 Key Laboratory of Fisheries Genetic Resources and Aquaculture,Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences Key Laboratory of Fisheries Genetic Resources and Aquaculture,Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences 以超纯水为对照,利用普通温控培养箱,在（24.0±1.0）℃条件下对三角帆蚌钩介幼虫进行了15d的体外培养实验.结果显示:钩介幼虫排出体外24h内存活率显著下降为50.7%（p=0.006）;A组（MEM高糖）、B组（RPMI1640）、C组（MEM 199）幼虫变态率分别为（7.5±3.9）%、（13.3±12.0）%、（42.1±10.0）%;D组（L-15）的幼虫变态率最高,为（66.1±3.8）%,极显著高于C组（p=0.007）.相关分析表明,培养液中葡萄糖含量与钩介幼虫变态率存在显著负相关（r=-0.886）.利用光镜和扫描电镜对体外培养变态发育的稚贝形态观察发现:稚贝双壳表面圆形凹陷数量和深度比幼虫显著减少,双壳边缘外套膜增厚,在外套膜、斧足表面分布有大量乳状突起,但形态不同.体外培养稚贝的外部形态和内部器官均发生了显著改变,完成了变态发育过程. Glochidia of the freshwater pearl mussel Hyriopsis cumingii was cultured at（24±1）℃ in common incubator and completed metamorphosis development in artificial media.The results showed that the survival rate of glochidia decreased to 50.7% after rejection in fresh water.The duration of glochidia development until the juvenile stage was 15 days in artificial media.The proportion undergoing metamorphosis was（7.5±3.9）%,（13.3±12.0）%,（42.1±10.0）% respectively in three different media（Group A,B,C） which had glucose from high ratio to low.There was significant negative relationship between the content of glucose in artificial media and metamorphosis rate of glochidia（r=-0.886）.The proportion undergoing metamorphosis was（66.1±3.8）% in Group D（L-15） and significantly higher than in Group C（MEM 199）（p=0.007）.The microstructure of juvenile was observed by microscope and scanning electron microscopy.The number of pit and depth on the surface of shell of newly transformed juvenile decreased,the margin of mantle became thicker than glochidia and foot developed fast.Numerous protuberances with different patterns were found on the surface of margin of mantle and foot respectively.There were great variations that took place in exterior morphology and interior organs,and all results indicated that golchidia underwent nonparasitic metamorphosis development successfully in artificial media. 三角帆蚌 钩介幼虫 人工培养 变态发育 Hyriopsis cumingii glochidia artificial culture metamorphosis development 10.14188/j.1671-8836.2011.01.016 S917.4 国家公益性行业科研专项基金（200903028）;中国水产科学研究院重点开放实验室基金（YM2007-02,2007A003）资助项目;2007年财政部修购淡水贝类实验室项目 2011-01-01 2021-04-01 1 57