水稻适应淹水胁迫的分子机理及品种改良

水稻适应淹水胁迫的分子机理及品种改良 Molecular Mechanism of Rice Adaptation and Improvement Strategies to Submergence Stress 熊怀阳 XIONG Huaiyang1 1 2 first-author 阳菁 YANG Jing1 1 安保光 AN Baoguang1 1 李阳生 LI Yangsheng1 1 武汉大学生命科学学院/杂交水稻国家重点实验室 武汉大学生命科学学院/杂交水稻国家重点实验室 College of Life Sciences,Wuhan University/State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice College of Life Sciences,Wuhan University/State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice 海南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所 海南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所 Institute of Food Crops,Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Food Crops,Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences 淹水胁迫是继干旱和杂草之后限制水稻产量的第3个重要因素;挖掘水稻适应淹水环境的基因资源,培育适应淹水环境的高产品种,是实现水稻高产稳产的重要措施.本文综述了深水稻和低地雨育稻适应淹水环境的两种策略——避淹和耐淹策略,深水稻和低地雨育稻适应淹水环境的分子机理,以及结合分子标记辅助选择技术利用SK和SUB1A基因培育适应淹水环境的高产水稻品种的前景;提出了转基因技术用于水稻耐逆境品种改良的策略. Submergence stress ranks the third after drought and weed among the adverse factors for rice production.Gene discovery for a flooding-adaptive trait and the development of varieties with flooding adaptation is an important way for realizing high and stable yield of rice.The article reviewed two strategies,escape strategy and quiescence strategy,which were adopted by deepwater rice and rainfed lowland rice,respectively,to adapt to their flooding conditions.This article also reviewed molecular mechanisms underlying flooding adaptation of deepwater rice and rainfed lowland rice as well as the prospects for the development of a highly productive and adaptable variety with genes SK and SUB1A by marker-assisted selection.In addition,it proposed a strategy for improving rice tolerance to abiotic stress using transgenic approaches. 淹水胁迫 深水稻 低地雨育稻 避淹策略 耐淹策略 乙烯 赤霉素 flooding stress deepwater rice rainfed lowland rice escape strategy quiescence strategy ethylene gibberellin 10.14188/j.1671-8836.2013.01.003 S511 国家自然科学基金（30971741）;中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(GK201603087);转基因生物新品种培育重大专项课题（ZX08001-001;ZX08001-004）资助项目 2013-01-01 2021-04-01 1 59