湖北夏枯草（Prunella vulgaris）不同分布区的群落特征和物种多样性

湖北夏枯草（Prunella vulgaris）不同分布区的群落特征和物种多样性 Plant Community Characteristics and Species Diversity of Prunella vulgaris in Different Areas of Hubei Province 董元火 DONG Yuanhuo 1 first-author 荣一兵 RONG Yibing 1 江汉大学生命科学学院 江汉大学生命科学学院 College of Life Sciences,Jianghan University College of Life Sciences,Jianghan University 采用重要值和α-多样性指数分析了湖北4个不同分布区夏枯草群落:蕲春县九棵松（QCX）、大别山区的罗田县骆驼坳（LTX）、鄂西北的襄阳市古隆中（XYX）和武汉东湖（WHX）的基本特征和物种多样性,结果表明:LTX的物种最丰富（17种,隶属15科16属）,而XYX物种数目最低（7种,隶属6科7属）;QCX的夏枯草重要值/相对重要值（IV/Pi）相对较高（0.20/0.19）,LTX的夏枯草IV/Pi值最低（0.06/0.06）;WHX与QCX、LTX之间的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数（H′）呈现显著性差异（p<0.05）,WHX和LTX之间、QCX和LTX之间的均匀度指数（J）也存在差异性（p<0.05）;而4个群落之间的生态优势度（SN）没有差异性（p=0.27>0.05）;夏枯草密度与数目、相对重要值之间呈正相关（r分别为0.96和0.99,p<0.05）,物种数目与H′之间也呈正相关（r=0.97,p<0.05）.由此得出结论:生境差异和外界干扰影响夏枯草群落植物成分和结构. The community characteristics and the species diversity of Prunella vulgaris Linn.at four different areas in Hubei province: Qichun Jiukesong（QCX）,Luotian Luotuoao in Dabie Mountain area（LTX）,ancient Longzhong scenic area of Xiangyang city in northwest Hubei（XYX）,Wuhan East Lake（WHX）] were analyzed using important values of species and α-diversity index（Richness index,Shannon-Wienerdiversity index,Simpson index,and evenness index）.Results indicate that the species diversity of LTX community is the highest（17 species,16 genera,15 families）,whereas that of XYX community is the lowest（7 species,7 genera,6 families）.The important value（IV） and the relative important value（Pi） of P.vulgaris at QCX community are relatively higher（IV/Pi=0.20/0.19）,and LTX community has the lowest values（IV/Pi=0.06/0.06）.One-way ANOVA are used to test differences in species diversity among four P.vulgaris communities.The results show that there are significant differences（p<0.05） between WHX and QCX,and between WHX and LTX in Shannon-Wienerdiversity index（H′）.Significant differences are also found between WHX and LTX,and between QCX and LTX in Evenness index（J）.In contrast,there is no difference in Simpson index（SN）（p=0.27>0.05） among four P.vulgaris communities.Correlation analysis indicate that there are positive relationships between relative important value（Pi） of P.vulgaris and its density and quantitative distribution（r=0.96,0.99,respectively,p<0.05）,and between species number（S） and H′（r=0.97,p<0.05）.Habitat differentiation and disturbance might affect community structure of P.vulgaris.The degeneration of primary habitats and excessive use might be the main factors responsible for the reduction of wild P.vulgaris. 夏枯草 群落特征 物种多样性 生境 过度利用 Prunella vulgaris community characteristics species diversity habitat excessive use 10.14188/j.1671-8836.2013.01.020 S567.239 国家自然科学基金（31170341）;湖北省自然科学基金（2011CDB001）;武汉市科技计划项目（201150699189-02） 2013-01-01 2021-04-01 1 59